NUMBERS
1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19,23, 29, ... Numbers that are divisible by numbers other than 1 and themselves are called composite numbers.
A composite number has more than 2 factors. Just as natural numbers extend infinitely to the right of 0, numbers extend infinitely to the left of 0 as well.
WHOLE NUMBERS - In mathematics, whole numbers are the basic counting numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, … and so on. 17, 99, 267, 8107 and 999999999 are examples of whole numbers. Whole numbers include natural numbers that begin from 1 onwards. Whole numbers include positive integers along with 0
PRIME NUMBERS - Prime numbers are numbers that have only 2 factors: 1 and themselves. For example, the first 5 prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11. By contrast, numbers with more than 2 factors are call composite numbers.
EVEN NUMBERS -Even numbers are those numbers that can be divided into two equal groups or
pairs and are exactly divisible by 2. For example, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and so on.
ODD NUMBERS - Odd numbers are
whole numbers that cannot be divided exactly into pairs. Odd numbers, when
divided by 2, leave a remainder of 1. ... Odd numbers have the digits 1, 3, 5,
7 or 9 in their ones place. Fun Facts. The sum of two odd numbers is always
even.
COMPOSITE NUMBERS - A composite number is a positive integer. which is not prime (i.e., which
has factors other than 1 and itself). The first few composite numbers
(sometimes called "composites" for short) are 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14,
15, 16, ... (OEIS A002808), whose prime decompositions are summarized in the
following table.
NATURAL NUMBERS - Natural numbers are all positive numbers like 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. They
are the numbers you usually count and they continue till infinity. Whereas, the
whole numbers are all natural numbers including 0, for example, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
and so on. Integers include all whole numbers and their negative counterpart.
CO-PRIME NUMBERS - Two numbers or
integers are co-prime if their common factor is only 1. There should be a
minimum of two numbers to form a set of coprime numbers. Such numbers have only
1 as their highest common factor, for example, {4 and 7}, {5, 7, 9} are coprime
numbers.
REAL NUMBERS - Real numbers are the
numbers which include both rational and irrational numbers. Rational numbers
such as integers (-2, 0, 1), fractions(1/2, 2.5) and irrational numbers such as
√3, π(22/7), etc., are
all real numbers.
RATIONAL NUMBERS - rational number is a
type of real numbers, which is in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero.
Any fraction with non-zero denominators is a rational number. Some of the
examples of rational number are 1/2, 1/5, 3/4, and so on. ... But, 1/0, 2/0,
3/0,
IRRATIONAL NUMBERS - Irrational numbers
are the real numbers that cannot be represented as a simple fraction. It cannot
be expressed in the form of a ratio, such as p/q, where p and q are integers, q≠0. ... For example, √5, √11, √21, etc., are
irrational.
INTEGER
NUMBER - An integer
(from the Latin integer meaning "whole") is colloquially defined as a
number that can be written without a fractional component. For example, 21, 4,
0, and −2048 are integers, while 9.75, 512, and √2 are not.
CLOSURE
NUMBERS - The closure property means that a set is closed for some mathematical operation. ... For example, the set of even natural numbers, [2, 4, 6, 8, . . .], is closed with respect to addition because the sum of any two of them is another even natural number, which is also a member of the set.
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